What is vimentin gene?

What is vimentin gene?

VIM Gene – Vimentin This gene encodes a type III intermediate filament protein. Intermediate filaments, along with microtubules and actin microfilaments, make up the cytoskeleton. The encoded protein is responsible for maintaining cell shape and integrity of the cytoplasm, and stabilizing cytoskeletal interactions.

What is vimentin a marker for?

Vimentin is widely expressed and highly conserved and is constitutively expressed in mesenchymal cells. Because of this, Vimentin is often used as a marker of mesenchymally-derived cells or cells undergoing an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during both normal development and metastatic progression.

What is the structure of vimentin?

It consists of three α-helical segments (coils 1A, 1B, and 2) interconnected by linkers (L1 and L12). Most of the CC structure has a left-handed twist with heptad repeats, but both coil 1B and coil 2 also exhibit untwisted, parallel stretches with hendecad repeats.

Where is vimentin expressed?

mesenchymal cells
Vimentin is a widely expressed and highly conserved 57-kD protein that is constitutively expressed in mesenchymal cells, including endothelial cells lining blood vessels, renal tubular cells, macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts, and leukocytes (3–8).

Is vimentin part of ECM?

Recent data indicate that vimentin controls collagen deposition and ECM structure by regulating contractile force application to the ECM and through post-transcriptional regulation of ECM related genes.

Is vimentin a marker of EMT?

Vimentin is one type of EMT protein marker, which is present in mesenchymal cells and involved in cancer progression [4, 7, 11, 15].

Is vimentin a nucleus?

Very early, ball-like structures, or “knots,” are seen and often vimentin filaments emerge in the shape of rings around the nucleus. Although intermediate filaments are not known to be associated to motor proteins to form contractile systems, these rings can nonetheless strongly deform the cell nucleus.

Is vimentin expressed in fibroblasts?

Vimentin expression contributes to cellular mechanoprotection and is a widely recognized marker of fibroblasts and of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Is vimentin expressed in neurons?

Vimentin is expressed by neurons in AD brain regions exhibiting intracellular and extracellular amyloid. Sections were double-immunostained for vimentin (red) and Aβ42 (blue).

Do fibroblasts express vimentin?

Vimentin expression contributes to cellular mechanoprotection and is a widely recognized marker of fibroblasts and of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. But it is not understood how vimentin affects signaling that controls cell migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling.

What tumors are vimentin positive?

Vimentin is overexpressed in various epithelial cancers, including prostate cancer, gastrointestinal tumors, tumors of the central nervous system, breast cancer, malignant melanoma, and lung cancer.

Is vimentin a mesenchymal marker?

Do macrophages express vimentin?

Vimentin is a widely expressed intermediate filament protein thought to be involved mainly in structural processes, such as wound healing. We now demonstrate that activated human macrophages secrete vimentin into the extracellular space.

Do immune cells express vimentin?

Vimentin is an intermediate filament expressed in variety of cells, including lymphocytes and neutrophils. Recent studies have suggested that vimentin plays a role in many cell and tissue functions, including apoptosis of neutrophils and lymphocytes14,15,16,17,18.

Is vimentin a fibroblast marker?

Fibroblast Marker (Vimentin) worked well in peromyscus skin tissue.

What is cytokeratin and vimentin?

Cytokeratin is expressed in epithelial cells, where it provides cell-cell adhesion support [8]. Vimentin is expressed in mesenchymal cells that usually lack both cell-cell adhesion and polarity. In these cells, vimentin provides resistance to migration-related stress [9].

What is the marker of fibroblast?

The short-list of common fibroblast markers included many ECM genes, such as Col1a1, Col1a2, Col5a1, Loxl1, Lum, Fbln1, and Fbln2, as well as the cell surface receptors Cd34 and Pdgfra.