What is retro orbital injection?

What is retro orbital injection?

The retro-orbital injection is an acceptable alternative to the tail vein injection route, if technicians receive proper training. The route designated by the protocol should therefore be based on the researcher’s level of training and proficiency with the retro-orbital or tail vein injection.

How do you inject mouse tail veins?

Insert the needle (small gauge, 27-30 for mice and 25-27 for rats), bevel up, into the vein towards the direction of the head. Keep the needle and syringe parallel to the tail. Aspiration is not advised as it may cause the vein to collapse, but a flash of blood in the hub of the needle may be seen when first placed.

How do you intraperitoneally inject mice?

Conventional techniques for administering intraperitoneal injections generally consist of four steps: (1) holding a mouse by the tail, (2) grasping it by the scruff of the neck, (3) lifting it to expose its abdominal region and (4) piercing its peritoneal cavity and injecting a substance with a syringe4.

What is retro-orbital pain?

Pain behind the eyes is a common complaint for those patients experiencing tempormandibular joint dysfunction (TMD). The retro-orbital bony complex contains the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid.

What is retro-orbital headache?

Cluster headache (CH) is a distinct primary headache disorder characterized by attacks of excruciating pain, typically in a unilateral retro-orbital distribution, with associated ipsilateral autonomic features.1. From: Sleep and Neurologic Disease, 2017.

How do you give an IV injection to a rat?

2. Primary intravenous (IV) injection site for the rat is the right and left lateral tail vein. Other sites (e.g., retro-orbital [RO] orbital sinus) require sedation and/or analgesia). University Veterinarian for recommended volumes and needles sizes.

How do you use a mouse restrainer?

For the two-hand technique, restrain the mouse by grasping it near the base of the tail and placing it on a toe-gripping surface, such as a wire bar lid. Pulling back gently on the tail of the mouse causes it to pull forward on the toe-gripping surface.

How do you intraperitoneally inject rats?

With your other hand, hold onto the rear feet and tail. Place a finger between legs to reduce stress on the joints. Gently stretch rat along your hand/forearm with the head held lower than the body. The second person will perform the injection.

Where do you inject a rat?

Mice & Rats -Intramuscular Injection (IM) IM injections are administered in the thigh muscles of the hind limb. Caution must be used to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve, which is located in close proximity to the femur. 1. Restrain the animal by grasping the skin along its back with your left hand (if right-handed).

How can I get rid of eye pain at home?

It is possible to treat some causes of eye pain at home. For example, OTC eye drops or warm compresses can reduce eye pain. If there is something stuck in the eye, using artificial tears or a warm water flush can help to remove it. A warm compress with a damp washcloth can soothe pain from a stye.

What causes orbital pain?

Sinusitis, which is a bacterial or viral infection or allergic reaction in the sinuses, can cause a sensation of orbital or eye socket pain. Pain coming from the sinus cavities can be interpreted as eye pain. Migraines and cluster headaches are a very common cause of orbital eye pain.

Why do rats need intraperitoneal injection?

This allows the abdominal viscera to shift cranially and minimize accidental puncture of abdominal organs at site of injection.

What methods of medication injection are not used often with rats and mice?

Intramuscular (IM): Not recommended in mice or rats due to their small muscle mass and must be scientifically justified in the IACUC protocol.

How can I sedate a rat at home?

The only humane way to euthanize a rat at home without veterinary help is with carbon dioxide (CO2). Euthanasia with CO2 is approved by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA). Concentrated CO2 is a central nervous system depressant and actually causes anesthesia.

What is the best way to restrain a rat?

Rats can be restrained by grasping firmly at the base of the tail. Holding the tail distal to the base can result in a degloving (stripping off the skin) injury. This restraint is suitable for moving the rat over a short distance or a cursory examination.

How do you inject a rat?

Hold needle parallel to the tail with bevel side up. Gently insert needle into vein while pulling back on plunger. You will get a flash of blood into needle hub when in the vein. Begin injection if bubble or bleb appears under skin remove needle and inject closer to the base of the tail.

What drug can I use for eye pain?

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