What is high-risk neuroblastoma?
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What is high-risk neuroblastoma?
Patients with neuroblastoma are considered high-risk when the tumor cannot be surgically removed and has spread: To lymph nodes near the tumor; To other areas near the tumor, but not to other parts of the body; or. To distant lymph nodes in other parts of the body such as bones, bone marrow, liver, skin or other organs …
What is the difference between high-risk and low risk neuroblastoma?
For example, a child in a low-risk group can often be cured with limited treatment, such as surgery alone. Children in higher risk groups often need more intensive treatment to have the best chance of being cured.
What causes high-risk neuroblastoma?
Children with a family history of neuroblastoma are more likely to develop this type of cancer. But about 98% to 99% of the time, neuroblastoma is not inherited (or, passed down in families). Children born with other congenital anomalies (birth defects) may have a higher risk of developing neuroblastoma.
How is neuroblastoma classified?
Using the following factors, each neuroblastoma is classified into 1 of 4 categories: very low-risk, low-risk, intermediate-risk, or high-risk.
What is low risk neuroblastoma?
Some infants with neuroblastoma that has spread throughout the body can still be considered low risk, especially if their tumor does not have extra copies of MYCN or other unfavorable features.
How is high risk neuroblastoma treated?
Treatment of High-Risk Neuroblastoma
- A regimen of the following treatments: Combination chemotherapy. Surgery. Two courses of high-dose combination chemotherapy followed by stem cell rescue. Radiation therapy.
- A clinical trial of iodine 131-MIBG therapy or targeted therapy (crizotinib) and other treatments.
How is high-risk neuroblastoma treated?
What are the stages of neuroblastoma?
Stage 1: the tumor has not spread and can be entirely removed by surgery. Stage 2A: the tumor has not spread but cannot be removed entirely by surgery. Stage 2B: the tumor has not spread but cannot be entirely removed by surgery. Nearby lymph nodes contain some neuroblastoma cells.
What is intermediate risk neuroblastoma?
Intermediate-risk neuroblastoma was defined as stage 3 or 4 disease without MYCN amplification in an infant (<365 days of age), stage 3 disease and favorable histopathological features in a child (≥365 days of age),5,6 and stage 4S disease with a diploid tumor-cell DNA index, unfavorable histopathological features, or …
What is intermediate-risk neuroblastoma?
How long is treatment for high-risk neuroblastoma?
Treatment includes chemotherapy, surgical resection, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and isotretinoin. The current treatment lasts approximately 18 months.
How long do kids with neuroblastoma live?
Low-risk group: Children in the low-risk group have a 5-year survival rate that is higher than 95%. Intermediate-risk group: Children in the intermediate-risk group have a 5-year survival rate of around 90% to 95%. High-risk group: Children in the high-risk group have a 5-year survival rate of around 50%.
