What are the contraindications of cholinergic drugs?

What are the contraindications of cholinergic drugs?

Contraindications to the use of cholinergic drugs include known drug allergy, GI or genitourinary (GU) tract obstruction, bradycardia, defects in cardiac impulse conduction, hyperthyroidism, epilepsy, hypotension, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Which effect will the nurse expect when administering cholinergic agonists?

Effects include slowed heart rate and decreased myocardial contractility, vasodilation, bronchoconstriction and increased bronchial mucus secretion, increased GI activity and secretions, increased bladder tone, relaxation of GI and bladder sphincters, and pupil constriction.

What drugs affect cholinergic responses?

These include reversible agents (physostigmine, neostigmine, pyridostigmine, edrophonium, rivastigmine, donepezil, galantamine) and irreversible agents (echothiophate, parathion, malathion, diazinon, sarin, soman).

Which effect is expected when using a cholinergic agonist?

In medicine, the use of cholinergic agonists is limited because of their propensity to cause adverse effects in any organ under the control of the parasympathetic nervous system; adverse effects include blurred vision, cramps and diarrhea, low blood pressure and decreased heart rate, nausea and vomiting, salivation and …

What is the main receptor of the cholinergic system?

Cholinergic receptors are receptors on the surface of cells that get activated when they bind a type of neurotransmitter called acetylcholine. There are two types of cholinergic receptors, called nicotinic and muscarinic receptors – named after the drugs that work on them.

Is cholinergic sympathetic or parasympathetic?

The term cholinergic refers to those receptors which respond to the transmitter acetylcholine and are mostly parasympathetic.

Which neurotransmitters are cholinergic?

Cholinergic neurotransmission is mediated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Upon release, acetylcholine (ACh) is rapidly hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid (Chapter 14) by a family of enzymes called cholinesterase (ChE).

What neurotransmitter do cholinergic receptors respond to?

Cholinergic receptors are receptors on the surface of cells that get activated when they bind a type of neurotransmitter called acetylcholine.

What are two types of cholinergic receptors?

There are two types of cholinergic receptors, classified according to whether they are stimulated by the drug nicotine or by the drug muscarine.

• 4.1. Muscarinic receptors.
• 4.2. Nicotinic receptors.
• 4.3. Nicotinic receptor structure.

Is cholinergic excitatory or inhibitory?

In the CNS, the neurons that release and respond to ACh comprise the cholinergic system, which causes anti-excitatory effects.

Which ligand binds to cholinergic receptors?

The best-studied ligand-gated ion channel is the nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChR), so named because the CNS stimulant, nicotine, also binds to these receptors.