What are the factors responsible for hyperfine structure of spectral lines?

What are the factors responsible for hyperfine structure of spectral lines?

hyperfine structure (HFS), in spectroscopy, the splitting of a spectral line into a number of components. The splitting is caused by nuclear effects and cannot be observed in an ordinary spectroscope without the aid of an optical device called an interferometer.

What is hyperfine structure in ESR?

Hyperfine structure (HFS) occurs as a result of the magnetic interaction between the electronic spin S and the nuclear spin I. Characteristics of isotropic hyperfine splitting. 1. It depends on the magnitude of magnetic moments of nuclear and electron spins.

What is hyperfine structure constant?

The hyperfine coupling constant (a) is directly related to the distance between peaks in a spectrum and its magnitude indicates the extent of delocalization of the unpaired electron over the molecule. This constant may also be calculated.

Which instrument has been used to observe the hyperfine structure?

Mössbauer spectroscopy is a nuclear spectroscopy that has energy resolution sufficient to resolve the hyperfine structures of nuclear levels (Murad and Cashion, 2003; Rancourt, 1998).

What causes fine and hyperfine structure in UV Visible spectroscopy?

The hyperfine structure is caused by interaction between magnetic field (from electron movement) and nuclear spin.

What is meant by hyperfine level?

In atomic physics, hyperfine structure is defined by small shifts in otherwise degenerate energy levels and the resulting splittings in those energy levels of atoms, molecules, and ions, due to electromagnetic multipole interaction between the nucleus and electron clouds.

What is the difference between the structure of the hyperfine structure of an atom?

The key difference between fine and hyperfine structure is that in fine structures, the line splitting is a result of the energy changes that are produced by electron spin-orbit coupling, whereas in hyperfine structures, the line splitting is a result of the interaction between the magnetic field and nuclear spin.

Why is electron g-factor 2?

6) The electron’s g-factor of 2 represents the highest gyromagnetic moment of any form of matter and this is most likely connected to the fact that the electron is an indivisible unit of matter and a building block for other forms of matter [10] .

What is hyperfine level of ground state?

What is anisotropy in EPR spectroscopy?

The interaction of a paramagnetic molecule with an external magnetic field is in general described by an anisotropic g-tensor. The anisotropy reflects the coupling of the electron spin(s) to the electrostatic field of the spatial environment.

What is Lande splitting factor G?

In atomic physics, the Landé g-factor is a multiplicative term appearing in the expression for the energy levels of an atom in a weak magnetic field. The quantum states of electrons in atomic orbitals are normally degenerate in energy, with these degenerate states all sharing the same angular momentum.