What are the characteristics of the disease melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei?

What are the characteristics of the disease melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei?

Most people infected with B. pseudomallei experience no symptoms, but those who do experience symptoms have signs and symptoms that range from mild, such as fever, skin changes, pneumonia, and abscesses, to severe with inflammation of the brain, inflammation of the joints, and dangerously low blood pressure that causes …

Is Burkholderia pseudomallei oxidase positive?

Any oxidase-positive, indole-negative, Gram-negative rod that does not morphologically resemble Pseudomonas aeruginosa should be suspected as B. pseudomallei until this identification is ruled out (5).

Is Burkholderia pseudomallei non motile?

Burkholderia mallei was previously called Pseudomonas mallei. It is a non-motile, nonsporulating, obligate aerobic, gram-negative bacillus.

Is Burkholderia pseudomallei Gram positive or negative?

Gram-negative
Burkholderia pseudomallei (also known as Pseudomonas pseudomallei) is a Gram-negative, bipolar, aerobic, motile rod-shaped bacterium.

What is Burkholderia pseudomallei infection?

Melioidosis, also called Whitmore’s disease, is an infectious disease that can infect humans or animals. The disease is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is predominately a disease of tropical climates, especially in Southeast Asia and northern Australia where it is widespread.

What is the most common reported acute clinical manifestation of Burkholderia pseudomallei in children?

Pneumonia is the most common presenting feature of melioidosis, the disease caused by infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei [1, 2]. This environmental bacterium is found in soil and water in tropical regions.

Is Burkholderia pseudomallei a lactose fermenter?

It is a lactose fermenter on MacConkey agar. d. Colonies on sheep blood agar at 48 hours appear small, smooth, and cream colored, and the organism is susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.

Is Burkholderia cepacia motile?

B. cepacia is a motile organism, and motility is mediated by polar flagella (3, 21). Little is known about the structure and function of B. cepacia flagella, although attempts to type strains based on the elaborated flagellin protein have been made.

Is Burkholderia gram-negative?

Burkholderia cepacia is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus found in various aquatic environments. B cepacia is an organism of low virulence and is a frequent colonizer of fluids used in the hospital (eg, irrigation solutions, intravenous fluids). B cepacia rarely causes infection in healthy hosts.

Where is Burkholderia pseudomallei found?

The disease is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is predominately a disease of tropical climates, especially in Southeast Asia and northern Australia where it is widespread. The bacteria causing melioidosis are found in contaminated water and soil.

Is Burkholderia pseudomallei contagious?

Burkholderia pseudomallei, the bacteria that causes Melioidosis (or Whitmore’s disease), was first discovered in 1911 by pathologist Alfred Whitmore and his assistant. What is Melioidosis? Melioidosis is a highly contagious disease primarily infecting people in areas with agriculture and farming.

Does Burkholderia cepacia grow on MacConkey agar?

Burkholderia cepacia organisms grow well on standard solid media such as 5% sheep blood, chocolate, and MacConkey agars; in thioglycollate and brain-heart infusion broths; and in broth-based blood culture systems.

How do you identify Burkholderia cepacia?

For the laboratory diagnosis of B. cepacia, we recommend parallel cultures on blood agar medium and selective agar plates. Further identification of colonies with a Burkholderia phenotype should be performed with the API 20NE test.

Does Burkholderia have a flagella?

The corresponding flagellar genes, designated fliC, encode proteins that exhibit high levels of homology to the flagellin of Burkholderia pseudomallei, another closely related human pathogen (9).

Is Burkholderia aerobic or anaerobic?

aerobic bacterium
Burkholderia cenocepacia is a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium that belongs to a group of opportunistic pathogens displaying diverse environmental and pathogenic lifestyles.

Is Burkholderia pseudomallei a bioterrorism agent?

pseudomallei infections. Burkholderia mallei and the closely related Burkholderia pseudomallei are CDC Category B Bioterrorism Agents due to the history of confirmed use of B. mallei in biological warfare including the US Civil War,1 World War I,2 World War II1,3 and purportedly in Afghanistan in the 1980s.

What is the most likely route of natural infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei?

There have only been a few documented cases of person-to-person transmission; percutaneous inoculation is probably the most frequent route for natural infection. In contrast to other healthcare personnel, laboratory personnel are at risk because some procedures may aerosolize particles and release B.