What is dam in hydro power plant?

What is dam in hydro power plant?

A hydroelectric dam is one of the major components of a hydroelectric facility. A dam is a large, man-made structure built to contain some body of water. In addition to construction for the purpose of producing hydroelectric power, dams are created to control river flow and regulate flooding.

What is HRT in dam?

There are different definitions for headrace tunnels (HRT) used in different scenarios. “ Headrace tunnel takes water from connecting channels and convey it to the fore bay or directly to the penstock provided with surge shaft” depending upon the project and site requirements some times also known as power tunnels.

How do impoundment facilities work?

An impoundment facility, typically a large hydropower system, uses a dam to store river water in a reservoir. Water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity.

What are the parts of a hydroelectric power plant?

Components of a Hydropower Plant

• Forebay.
• Intake structure.
• Penstock.
• Surge chamber.
• Hydraulic turbines.
• Power house.
• Draft tube.
• Tailrace.

How is a dam constructed?

A dam is a structure built across a river or stream to hold back water. People have used different materials to build dams over the centuries. Ancient dam builders used natural materials such as rocks or clay. Modern-day dam builders often use concrete.

How does a dam function?

A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability.

What is the function of surge shaft?

Surge shaft is a structure provided at the end of headrace tunnel or pipe to account for water hammering effect in the pipe at its downstream. Surge shaft is considered to be an important component of Hydropower projects, especially for those involving headrace pressure tunnels.

What is headrace tunnel in dam?

Related Definitions Headrace Tunnel means the tunnel which conveys water from the water intake to the powerhouse, to be designed and constructed by Contractor under this Contract.

What is the largest power dam in the world?

The Three Gorges Dam
The Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in China is the world’s biggest hydroelectric facility.

How does a transformer on a dam work?

The transformer steps up the voltage of the electricity so it may travel through the power lines of the electrical grid to homes and businesses. The height of the dam is important in determining the speed that the water can spin a turbine. Water can flow much faster with higher dams.

What is the construction of hydro power plant?

There are only six primary components required to construct a hydroelectric power plant. These are dam, pressure tunnel, surge tank, valve house, penstock, and powerhouse. The dam is an artificial concrete barrier constructed across the way of the river. The catchment area behind the dam creates a huge water reservoir.

What are the parts of dam?

Dams are water reservoirs or just a wall-like structure built across a river to retain the water and increase the flow when needed, used for electricity generation, and various other functions….

• 3.1 Crest:
• 3.2 Heel:
• 3.3 Toe:
• 3.4 Parapet walls:
• 3.5 Gallery:
• 3.6 Spillway:
• 3.7 Abutments:
• 3.8 Sluice way:

How are dam walls built?

Concrete dams are made of strong, solid concrete walls that resist the pressure of water. Earth and rock fill dams have a solid core of clay in the middle to prevent water leakage, and an outer layer of rock for strength. There are dams that are built with a combination of both concrete and earth and rock fill.

How is dam built?