What supergroup is Chromalveolata?
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What supergroup is Chromalveolata?
Chromalveolata was an eukaryote supergroup present in a major classification of 2005, then regarded as one of the six major groups within the eukaryotes. It was a refinement of the kingdom Chromista, first proposed by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 1981.
What are the main characteristics of Chromalveolata?
This stramenopile cell has a single hairy flagellum and a secondary smooth flagellum. The other subgroup of chromalveolates, the stramenopiles, includes photosynthetic marine algae and heterotrophic protists. The unifying feature of this group is the presence of a textured, or “hairy,” flagellum.
What are examples of Chromalveolata?
Chromalveolates include very important photosynthetic organisms, such as diatoms, brown algae, and significant disease agents in animals and plants.
Which of the following group’s is included under Chromalveolata?
The Chromalveolata comprises four monophyletic groups—Alveolata, Cryptophyta (plus Katablepharidae) [8], [28], Haptophyta, and Stramenopiles, each group containing at least some members harboring plastids thought to be derived from a red alga by secondary endosymbiosis [10].
What are the clades of chromalveolata?
The Chromalveolata includes four kingdoms: Heterokontae, Alveolatae, Rhizariae, and Hacrobiae (also called Hacrobia-by Cavalier-Smith 2010b) whose taxa may be photosynthetic, parasitic, saprophytic, or heterotrophic.
Are diatoms chromalveolata?
Chromalveolates include very important photosynthetic organisms, such as diatoms, brown algae, and significant disease agents in animals and plants. The chromalveolates can be subdivided into alveolates and stramenopiles.
Which of the following are characteristic of foraminifera?
The most obvious characteristic of foraminifera is the presence of a shell or ‘test’ that largely encloses the cytoplasmic body and is composed of one or more chambers.
How are chromalveolata transmitted?
They present two types of multiplication, asexual and sexual, the last one generating microgamonts and macrogamonts and after fertilization the formed zygotes differentiate as environmentally resistant unsporulated oocysts which are excreted in the feces. Hence, parasite transmission is via the feco-oral route.
Are ciliates chromalveolata?
These taxa are postulated as the supergroup Chromalveolata [2]. Ciliates are an independent branch within alveolates [7, 8] and in contrast to most dinoflagellates and apicomplexans (that form sister groups of each other) there is currently no evidence of a plastid or a plastid-derived compartment in this group.
How do you classify foraminifera?
The generally accepted classification of the foraminifera is based on that of Loeblich and Tappan (1964). The Order Foraminiferida (informally foraminifera) belongs to the Kingdom Protista, Subkingdom Protozoa, Phylum Sarcomastigophora, Subphylum Sarcodina, Superclass Rhizopoda, Class Granuloreticulosea.
What is the composition of foraminifera?
The most striking aspect of most foraminifera are their hard shells, or tests. These may consist of one of multiple chambers, and may be composed of protein, sediment particles, calcite, aragonite, or (in one case) silica. Some foraminifera lack tests entirely.
Which of the following are features of Parabasalids?
Parabasalids are characterized by a semi-functional mitochondria referred to as a hydrogenosome; they are comprised of parasitic protists, such as Trichomonas vaginalis. Euglenozoans can be classified as mixotrophs, heterotrophs, autotrophs, and parasites; they are defined by their use of flagella for movement.
Are dinoflagellates stramenopiles?
Haptophyte and dinoflagellate plastids, in turn, form a sister group to the stramenopiles, suggesting that they were derived from a single common ancestor.
What is the common name for foraminifera?
Foraminifera (‘hole bearers’), foraminifers or forams for short, are a large phylum of amoeboid protozoans (single celled) with reticulating pseudopods, fine strands of cytoplasm that branch and merge to form a dynamic net.
What characteristics are common to all Archaeplastida supergroup?
The cells of the Archaeplastida typically lack centrioles and have mitochondria with flat cristae. They usually have a cell wall that contains cellulose, and food is stored in the form of starch. However, these characteristics are also shared with other eukaryotes.
