What is the first line of immune defense called?
Table of Contents
What is the first line of immune defense called?
The innate immune system
The innate immune system is the body’s first line of defense against germs entering the body. It responds in the same way to all germs and foreign substances, which is why it is sometimes referred to as the “nonspecific” immune system.
What is meant by an immune response?
(ih-MYOON reh-SPONTS) The way the body defends itself against substances it sees as harmful or foreign. In an immune response, the immune system recognizes the antigens (usually proteins) on the surface of substances or microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, and attacks and destroys, or tries to destroy, them.
What is a type 1 vs type 2 immune response?
Type 1 immunity is critical for defence against many intracellular pathogens, bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms. By contrast, type 2 immunity promotes immunity against extracellular parasites and helminths, helps to maintain metabolic homeostasis and regulates tissue repair following injury.
What weakens your immune system?
Also, infections like the flu virus, mono (mononucleosis), and measles can weaken the immune system for a brief time. Your immune system can also be weakened by smoking, alcohol, and poor nutrition.
Which line of defense is activated if the first line fails?
As mentioned previously, the second line of defense is activated when the first line of defense fails. In Part A, you identified one of these defenses as inflammation, which occurs when the body responds to a foreign antigen and increases fluid accumulation in a specific area.
What are the symptoms of immune system failure?
Frequent and recurrent pneumonia, bronchitis, sinus infections, ear infections, meningitis or skin infections. Inflammation and infection of internal organs. Blood disorders, such as low platelet count or anemia. Digestive problems, such as cramping, loss of appetite, nausea and diarrhea.
What does Th1 stand for?
Th1
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|---|
| Th1 | T Helper Cell Type 1 |
What is type1 inflammation?
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the chronic inflammation of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans (1–4). Islet inflammation is typically marked by infiltrating adaptive and innate immune effectors.
What is the 3rd line of Defence in the immune system?
The third line of defense is specific resistance. This system relies on antigens, which are specific substances found in foreign microbes. Most antigens are proteins that serve as the stimulus to produce an immune response. The term “antigen” comes from ANTI-body GENerating substances.
