What enzyme metabolizes THC?

What enzyme metabolizes THC?

cytochrome P450
Metabolism of THC occurs primarily within the liver by hydroxylation and oxidation reactions catalyzed the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes; with members of the CYP450-2C subfamily of isoenzymes playing the major role in rodents and humans4,5.

Is THC metabolized by CYP450?

Evidence from the few systematic clinical studies that have been conducted suggests that THC and CBD can inhibit metabolism of other drugs, via interactions with cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, a large family of enzymes involved in the metabolism of numerous drugs and foreign chemicals in the body.

Does THC inhibit CYP3A4?

THC induces CYP1A2, and can reduce levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2. CBD inhibits CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, and can increase levels of drugs metabolized by these isoenzymes.

Is CBD and THC lipophilic?

THC and CBD are both highly lipophilic and have poor oral bioavailability (estimated to be as low as 6%) 26, 27.

Does CBD inhibit CYP3A4?

CBD competitively inhibited the activity of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and HLMs (K(i)=1.00, 0.195, and 6.14 μM, respectively). On the other hand, CBD inhibited the CYP3A7 activity in a mixed manner (K(i)=12.3 μM). Olivetol partially inhibited all the CYP3A isoforms tested, whereas d-limonene showed lack of inhibition.

Can CBD raise liver enzymes?

In recent clinical trials, elevated liver enzymes were observed in 5–20% of patients treated with CBD, and a few patients were withdrawn due to the threat of fulminant liver failure [1,2,24]. The number of ‘CBD-containing’ products, available mostly online, is growing exponentially.

What is a CYP3A4 inhibitor?

Inhibition. CYP3A4 is subject to reversible and mechanism-based (irreversible) inhibition. The latter involves the inactivation of the enzyme via the formation of metabolic intermediates that bind irreversibly to the enzyme and then inactivate it6.

How can you lower your liver enzymes?

People can lower their ALT levels by making lifestyle changes, such as taking regular exercise and changing their diet. Increasing fiber intake, reducing saturated fats and processed foods, as well as consuming a range of nutrients from fruits and vegetables may all help to lower levels.

Can CBD heal the liver?

CBD is the modulator of CB1 and CB2 receptors. In simple English, it keeps them from going crazy by stopping the compounds that make these receptors go haywire in the liver. CBD ensures the proper functioning of a system that balances us. So while it won’t cure fatty liver disease, it can prevent its development.

What does CYP3A4 do in the body?

CYP3A4 is a major cytochrome P450. It catalyses a broad range of substrates including xenobiotics such as clinically used drugs and endogenous compounds bile acids. Its function to detoxify bile acids could be used for treating cholestasis, which is a condition characterised by accumulation of bile acids.

What foods affect CYP3A4?

Foods consisting of complex chemical mixtures, such as fruits, alcoholic beverages, teas, and herbs, possess the ability to inhibit or induce the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. According to results obtained thus far, cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) appears to be a key enzyme in food-drug interactions.