What does ifosfamide treat?

What does ifosfamide treat?

Ifosfamide is used in combination with other medications to treat cancer of the testicles that has not improved or that has worsened after treatment with other medications or radiation therapy. Ifosfamide is in a class of medications called alkylating agents.

Does ifosfamide cause neurotoxicity?

Frequent side effects of ifosfamide include myelotoxicity, hemorrhagic cystitis and neurotoxicity (mental confusion, drowsiness, hallucinations, disorientation, and coma) [1].

What are the side effects of ifosfamide?

Common side effects

• Increased risk of getting an infection.
• Breathlessness and looking pale.
• Bruising, bleeding gums or nosebleeds.
• Tiredness and weakness (fatigue) during and after treatment.
• Feeling or being sick.
• Loss of appetite.
• Hair loss.
• Irritation of the bladder and kidneys.

What is ifosfamide toxicity?

Central nervous system (CNS) toxicity has been reported in approximately 10%–30% of patients receiving intravenous infusions of ifosfamide. Encephalopathy is a rare but serious CNS adverse reaction in these patients, and although usually transient and reversible, may cause persistent neurological dysfunction or death.

How long does ifosfamide stay in your system?

This may happen 7 to 14 days after the drug is given. After that, your blood counts should return to normal. If you have a fever of 100.5°F (38°C) or higher, chills, a cough, or any bleeding problems, call your cancer care team right away.

Is ifosfamide a chemotherapy drug?

Ifosfamide is a chemotherapy drug used to treat many different types of cancer.

Which side effects of ifosfamide limit its use as anticancer agents?

Other toxicities include the following:

• Hemorrhagic Cystitis. Before the availability of mesna, the main adverse effect was hemorrhagic cystitis.
• Neurotoxicity.
• Hematologic Toxicity.
• Nephrotoxicity.
• Miscellaneous Toxicities.
• Malignancy of Ureter and Bladder.

Can ifosfamide cause seizures?

Ifosfamide, an alkylating agent used in cancer treatments, can cause neurotoxicity. The clinical presentation can range from mild symptoms such as acute confusion to non-convulsive seizures, severe irreversible coma, and death.

Does ifosfamide cause neuropathy?

Background: Ifosfamide is successfully employed in the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas in children and young adults. Used at high doses (HDI) the drug may cause severe multiorgan toxicity. Peripheral neuropathy is a less well-known side effect that may limit its use.

Which side effects of ifosfamide limit its use as anticancer agent?

How is ifosfamide metabolized?

Ifosfamide is metabolized through two metabolic pathways: ring oxidation (“activation”) to form the active metabolite, 4-hydroxy-ifosfamide and side-chain oxidation to form the inactive metabolites, 3-dechloro-ethylifosfamide or 2-dechloroethylifosfamide with liberation of the toxic metabolite, chloroacetaldehyde.

Does ifosfamide cause nephrotoxicity?

Nephrotoxicity due to direct tubular injury is a prominent complication of ifosfamide therapy; glomerular toxicity may also occur.

What is coasting in chemotherapy?

‘Coasting’ is the term used to describe this phenomenon in which there is progression of sensory loss even after cessation of chemotherapy and the symptoms can present as late as 3–6 months.

What is the mechanism of action of ifosfamide?

Ifosfamide is cycle-phase nonspecific. The exact mechanism of ifosfamide has not been determined, but appears to be similar to other alkylating agents. Ifosfamide requires biotransformation in the liver by mixed-function oxidases (cytochrome P450 system) before it becomes active.

Why is mesna given ifosfamide?

The chemotherapy drugs ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide can sometimes irritate the lining of the bladder. This can cause bleeding from the bladder and may show up as blood in your urine (pee). This is called haematuria. Mesna helps protect your bladder to prevent irritation and bleeding.

Why do my legs feel heavy after chemo?

Some chemotherapy drugs can damage the nerves that send signals between the central nervous system and the arms and legs. This is called peripheral neuropathy.

Does hand foot syndrome go away after chemo?

Severe cases can cause the skin to crack, peel, or have blisters. Symptoms can sometimes occur in other areas, such as the knees or elbows, but this is less common. Hand-foot syndrome can make it hard to use your hands and feet to do daily activities. Symptoms usually go away after chemotherapy treatment is finished.

Can chemo reverse neuropathy?

A: Unfortunately, there is no clear cure or treatment that will repair nerve damage. In most cases, CIPN will go away. It will depend on upon the dose, but usually the symptoms will dissipate over time. Sometimes it takes a few months after treatment.