What is intra and extrahepatic biliary ductal dilatation?

What is intra and extrahepatic biliary ductal dilatation?

When the diameter of the left or right hepatic duct exceeds the normal range, and/or with widening of the level-2 and -3 bile ducts, the condition is called intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. An intrahepatic bile duct diameter of 5 mm is called mild, 5-9 mm moderate, and >9 mm severe dilatation.

How can you tell the difference between intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis?

Ultrasound is the first-line non-invasive imaging procedure in order to differentiate intra- from extrahepatic cholestasis (III/C1). Testing for serum antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) is mandatory in adults with chronic intrahepatic cholestasis (III/C1).

What is extrahepatic duct?

Listen to pronunciation. (EK-struh-heh-PA-tik bile dukt) A duct (tube) that is outside the liver and carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine.

What are the intrahepatic ducts?

Intrahepatic bile ducts are a network of small tubes that carry bile inside the liver. The smallest ducts, called ductules, come together to form the right and left hepatic ducts, which lead out of the liver. The two ducts join outside the liver and form the common hepatic duct.

Is the common hepatic duct intrahepatic or extrahepatic?

Extrahepatic bile ducts The extrahepatic ducts include the part of the right and left hepatic ducts that are outside the liver, the common hepatic duct and the common bile duct.

Is common bile duct intrahepatic or extrahepatic?

The extrahepatic bile duct is made up of the perihilar region (the area that is closest to the liver and includes the common hepatic duct) and the distal region (the area that is farthest from the liver and includes the common bile duct). The extrahepatic bile duct is part of the biliary system.

What is extrahepatic biliary system?

The extrahepatic biliary tree consists of the bifurcation of the left and right hepatic ducts, the common hepatic duct, the CBD, the cystic duct, and the gallbladder (see the image below). Anatomy of biliary tree.

What is extrahepatic clearance?

Indirect evidence of extrahepatic drug metabolism can be generated from pharmacokinetic studies whenever total body clearance exceeds liver blood flow, or when severe liver dysfunction or anhepatic conditions do not affect metabolic clearance.

What is intra hepatic?

What is extrahepatic biliary apparatus?

The extrahepatic biliary apparatus consists of a blind end diverticulum formed by hepatic ducts, gall bladder, common bile duct (CBD), and cystic duct. Gall Bladder flask located in contact with the lower surface of the right liver lobe. The length is between 7-10 cm in adults with a potential of up to 50 ml.

What is a extrahepatic bile duct?

Extrahepatic bile ducts are small tubes that carry bile outside of the liver. They are made up of the common hepatic duct (hilum region) and the common bile duct (distal region). Bile is made in the liver and flows through the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct to the gallbladder, where it is stored.

What is intrahepatic biliary apparatus?

How is propofol metabolized and excreted?

Elimination and Excretion After metabolism, 88% of propofol is excreted within 5 days in the urine. Less than 0.3% of administered propofol is excreted unchanged [33]. The phenolic metabolites rarely (< 1% of patients) result in green discolouration of the urine [44]. Propofol is also excreted through exhalation.

What is metabolic clearance?

Background: The metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of glucose has been defined as the value of the glucose infusion rate (GIR) divided by the glucose concentration and could be thus expected to be a robust marker at various glucose concentrations.

What are the extrahepatic ducts?