What is earthwork in railway construction?

What is earthwork in railway construction?

Earthworks comprise the cuttings and embankments required to convey the railway on a level path, or at acceptable gradients, through undulating terrain.

Which material is used for railway track?

steel
Modern track typically uses hot-rolled steel with a profile of an asymmetrical rounded I-beam. Unlike some other uses of iron and steel, railway rails are subject to very high stresses and have to be made of very high-quality steel alloy.

What is railway track formation?

Formation. The formation (also called subgrade level) is the ground surface prepared to support the track surface. It is the top layer of the extended subsoil. A subgrade protection layer applied to the formation is an integral part of track construction today.

What is the purpose of earthworks?

The purposes of earthwork are the creation of engineering works from the soil (such as dams, railroads, highways, canals, channels, and trenches), the laying of foundations for buildings and structures which are erected from other materials, the leveling of areas under development for building, and the removal of …

What type of iron is used for railway tracks?

Railroad track steel is typically 1084 or equivalent hot rolled steel. This is a medium carbon steel with 0.7% to 0.8% carbon and 0.7% to 1% manganese. This type of steel is great for heat treating.

Which type of steel is used in railway track?

The rails in use are made of steel containing 0.7 per cent carbon (C) and 1 per cent manganese (Mn) and are called C-Mn rail steel. It is a wear-resisting grade steel and is commonly referred to as Grade 880 rail, or 90 UTS rail, corresponding to a tensile strength of 880 mega pascal (MPa), or 90 kg/mm {+2}.

What are the methods of plate laying in railway track?

Railway Plate Laying or Track Linking

• Once the formation is ready, plate laying or track linking should be done, which basically consists of laying rails, sleepers, and fastenings.
• A string is first stretched along the central line of the alignment and the sleepers are laid with their centres on the string.

What is sleeper track?

Sleeper is a load distributing component of track structure which is laid transversely to hold the rail. Sleepers are also called “Ties” because they tie the rails together. Now-a-days, the sleepers used are pre-stressed concrete elements and are commonly known as Pre-Stressed Concrete (PSC) sleepers.

What is the significance of earthwork in railway?

Embankments – a construction that allows railway lines to pass at an acceptable level and gradient over low lying ground. Soil cuttings – an excavation that allows railway lines to pass at an acceptable level and gradient through the surrounding ground that is composed entirely or predominantly of soil.

What is earthwork material?

Specific components make up soil composition, including sand, gravel, boulders, clay, silt, and colloids. These names indicate the size of the grain, not the mineral or chemical composition. Additionally, organic material is found in soil, made up of plant matter in various states of decay.

How many types of railway tracks are there?

There are mainly four types of railway gauge used in India, which are: Broad gauge, Narrow gauge, Standard gauge (for Delhi Metro), and Meter Gauge. Broad Gauge: A broad-gauge is also known as a wide gauge or large line.

What type of steel is railroad track?

hot rolled steel
So what kind of steel are railroad tracks made of? Railroad track steel is typically 1084 or equivalent hot rolled steel. This is a medium carbon steel with 0.7% to 0.8% carbon and 0.7% to 1% manganese. This type of steel is great for heat treating.

Which steel is preferably used for rail tracks and why?

Rails are also produced from special steels containing niobium (Nb- 0.04 % max.) or vanadium (V-0.2 % max.). Recently rails made from corrosion resistant steels have also been developed. Rail is the most expensive material in the track. Rail is the steel section that has been rolled into an inverted T shape.