Is desflurane more potent than sevoflurane?

Is desflurane more potent than sevoflurane?

Sevoflurane is more expensive than desflurane but is more potent, is rapidly acting and also has faster emergence and recovery.

When do we use desflurane?

Inhaled desflurane is used to cause general anesthesia (loss of consciousness) before and during surgery in adults. It is also used as a maintenance anesthesia in adults and children after receiving other anesthetics before and during surgery.

Why is desflurane not used?

Desflurane produces dose-dependent depression of respiratory function. High inspired concentrations cause airway irritation, coughing, breath holding and laryngospasm in people and so this agent is not suitable for mask induction.

Is desflurane more soluble than sevoflurane?

Desflurane was significantly less soluble in blood than sevoflurane in some species (e.g., humans) but not in others (e.g., rabbits).

Is isoflurane or desflurane more potent?

Isoflurane, the most potent peripheral vasodilator in comparison to sevoflurane and desflurane, was once thought to precipitate coronary artery steal syndrome, but, as we will discuss below, this finding has been challenged by recent studies.

Is desflurane more potent than isoflurane?

Desflurane was only significantly more potent than halothane. The slopes of the curve fits for nitrous oxide and desflurane were significantly lower that those for sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane, but the nitrous oxide and desflurane slopes did not differ from each other.

Can desflurane be used in LMA?

However, a recent study suggested that desflurane via an LMA was associated with a similar low incidence of adverse airway responses compared with sevoflurane when these anesthetics were used with nitrous oxide and 2–4 μg/kg fentanyl.

Why is desflurane vaporizer different?

Desflurane’s vapor pressure, 681 mm Hg at sea level, is significantly higher than the other inhalational anesthetics and leads to a boiling point near room temperature. Its high vapor pressure and low boiling point led to the creation of a special desflurane vaporizer.

Why does desflurane need a special vaporizer?

Desflurane’s unique characteristics (high volatility/moderate potency) require the use of a special vaporizer for proper utilization of this gas. Desflurane vaporizers are heated to 39 degrees C, which increases the vapor pressure in the sump to 1300mmHg, preventing the possibility of boiling in warm OR rooms.

Why does desflurane cause tachycardia?

Cardiovascular effects Rapid increases in the inspired concentration of desflurane may elevate plasma levels of catecholamines leading to increases in heart rate and arterial blood pressure.

Why is nitrous faster than desflurane?

Although the solubilities of nitrous oxide and desflurane are similar, the rate of increase in Fa/Fi of nitrous oxide is more rapid than that after desflurane because of the concentration effect from administering 70% nitrous oxide.

What is the most potent inhaled anesthetic?

Isoflurane is the most potent of the volatile anesthetics in clinical use, desflurane is the least soluble, and sevoflurane is the least irritating to the airways.

Does desflurane cause Laryngospasm?

Desflurane has lower blood gas solubility than sevoflurane resulting in rapid induction and emergence from anaesthesia. [2] However, desflurane is pungent and can be irritant to the airway leading to coughing, breathholding, laryngospasm and copious secretions.

What type of anesthesia is LMA?

Elective ventilation The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is an acceptable alternative to mask anesthesia in the operating room. It is often used for short procedures when endotracheal intubation is not necessary.

What type of vaporizer is desflurane?

The most common such vaporizer is the Ohmeda Tec 6, designed specifically for use with desflurane. Desflurane has two physical properties, making it unsuitable for use with a conventional vaporizer. First, it has a very high SVP (88.5 kPa at 20°C).

Is desflurane used for induction?

The FDA-approved indications for desflurane are induction or maintenance of anesthesia in adults. It may also be used to maintain anesthesia in pediatric patients following induction with agents other than desflurane. Desflurane is a racemic mixture of two enantiomers. Desflurane is very resistant to defluorination.

Is desflurane a bronchodilator?

6–9Despite its pungency, we hypothesized that after intravenous induction of anesthesia, desflurane might be a better bronchodilating agent than sevoflurane because of the potential beneficial effect of increased sympathetic nervous system activity on bronchial smooth muscle.

Does desflurane cause hypotension?

Conclusion: Our results suggest that inhalation of 9% desflurane prevents hypotension relative to sevoflurane or 6% desflurane during the induction of anesthesia. However, tachycardia is a consid- eration when using high-dose desflurane.

What is the fastest anesthesia?

Sevoflurane is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset.

Is desflurane better than sevoflurane for tracheostomy?

In conclusion, patients who received desflurane had a shorter extubation and early recovery time but similar intraoperative and postoperative incidence of complications compared with those who received sevoflurane.

Does desflurane or sevoflurane take longer to open the eyes?

Although the average time until spontaneous respiration between desflurane and sevoflurane groups was not significantly different, the small early difference in minute ventilation may have been important in generating a 2 min difference of time taken for eye opening.

Does desflurane or sevoflurane take longer to attain baseline MMSE score?

In sevoflurane group, time taken to attain baseline MMSE score after discontinuation of volatile anesthetic agents was significantly shorter as compared to desflurane group [Table 3]. Table 3 Time taken to attain baseline MMSE after discontinuation of volatile anesthetics Time taken for completion of MMSE to baseline (min) t P

Is desflurane available in the US?

Desflurane is currently in widespread clinical use in the United States and parts of Europe. Compared with sevoflurane, it has the additional advantage of being extremely resistant to degradation and biotransformation.